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r1000  (R&D Systems)


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    Structured Review

    R&D Systems r1000
    R1000, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 298 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/rat+il+10/Rat+IL-10+Quantikine+ELISA+Kit/pm42013922-90-30-31
    Average 95 stars, based on 298 article reviews
    r1000 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    95/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Modulation of phosphatase of regenerating liver-1 within placental mesenchymal stem cells instigates the transition between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition subsequent to hepatic fibrosis
    Article Snippet: .. Exogenous levels were measured using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits using rat IL-6 and rat IL-10 (R&D Systems), rat TGFB1, rat/human BMP7 (Abcam) in rat serum, and human PRL-1 (MyBioSource, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in cell culture supernatant, following the manufacturer’s instructions. .. The absorbance was measured using an Epoch microplate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA) at 450 nm.

    Article Title: Strain differences in intestinal toxicity of warfarin in rats.
    Article Snippet: Intestinal hemorrhage characterizes effectiveness of warfarin (WF) as rodenticide and is among adverse effects of therapy in humans.. Having in mind genetic variations in the effectiveness of WF in wild rats and in the doses required for therapeutic effect, strain differences in the intestinal toxicity of oral warfarin in rats were examined in this study.. High WF dose (3.5 mg/l) led to mortality in Albino Oxford (AO) rats, with no lethality in Dark Agouti (DA) rats.

    Article Title: Oral warfarin intake affects skin inflammatory cytokine responses in rats.
    Article Snippet: Warfarin is an anticoagulant used in prevention/prophylaxis of thromboembolism.. Besides the effects on coagulation, non-hemorrhagic reactions have also been documented.. Although cutaneous reactions were reported in some patients, the impact on skin immunity was not explored.

    Article Title: Warfarin affects acute inflammatory response induced by subcutaneous polyvinyl sponge implantation in rats.
    Article Snippet: Purpose: Warfarin (WF) is anticoagulant which also affects physiological processes other than hemostasis. . Our previous investigations showed the effect of WF which gained access to the organism via skin on resting peripheral blood granulocytes.. Based on these data, the aim of the present study was to examine whether WF could modulate the inflammatory processes as well.. To this aim the effect of warfarin on the inflammatory response induced by subcutaneous sponge implantation in rats was examined.

    Article Title: Intestinal toxicity of oral warfarin intake in rats.
    Article Snippet: Though warfarin is extensively used in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic processes in humans, adverse effects of warfarin therapy have been recognized.. Intestinal hemorrhage is one of the hazards of anticoagulant therapy, but the mechanisms of warfarin toxicity are virtually unknown.. In this work, the effects of 30 days oral warfarin (0.35 mg/l and 3.5 mg/l) intake on rat’s gut were examined.

    Article Title: Toxicity of oral cadmium intake: Impact on gut immunity.
    Article Snippet: Gastrointestinal tract is one of the main targets of cadmium (Cd), an important food and drinking water contaminant.. In the present study, the effect of subchronic (30 days) oral (in water) intake of 5 ppm and 50 ppm of cadmium on immune responses in the gut was examined in rats.. Cadmium consumption resulted in reduction of bacteria corresponding to Lactobacillus strain, tissue damage and intestinal inflammation [increases in high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1 molecules), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF, IL-1b, IFN-g, IL-17) content].

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Modulation of phosphatase of regenerating liver-1 within placental mesenchymal stem cells instigates the transition between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition subsequent to hepatic fibrosis
    Article Snippet: .. Exogenous levels were measured using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits using rat IL-6 and rat IL-10 (R&D Systems), rat TGFB1, rat/human BMP7 (Abcam) in rat serum, and human PRL-1 (MyBioSource, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in cell culture supernatant, following the manufacturer’s instructions. .. The absorbance was measured using an Epoch microplate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA) at 450 nm.

    Article Title: Modulation of PRL-1 within placental MSCs instigates the transition between EMT and MET subsequent to hepatic fibrosis.
    Article Snippet: .. Exogenous levels were measured using ELISA kits using rat IL-6 and rat IL-10 (R&D Systems), rat TGFB1, rat/human BMP7 (Abcam) in rat serum, and human PRL-1 (MyBioSource, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) in cell culture supernatant, following the manufacturer’s instructions. .. The absorbance was measured using an Epoch microplate reader (BioTek, Winooski, VT, USA) at 450 nm.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Intestinal toxicity of oral warfarin intake in rats.
    Article Snippet: Though warfarin is extensively used in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic processes in humans, adverse effects of warfarin therapy have been recognized.. Intestinal hemorrhage is one of the hazards of anticoagulant therapy, but the mechanisms of warfarin toxicity are virtually unknown.. In this work, the effects of 30 days oral warfarin (0.35 mg/l and 3.5 mg/l) intake on rat’s gut were examined.

    Article Title: Toxicity of oral cadmium intake: Impact on gut immunity.
    Article Snippet: Gastrointestinal tract is one of the main targets of cadmium (Cd), an important food and drinking water contaminant.. In the present study, the effect of subchronic (30 days) oral (in water) intake of 5 ppm and 50 ppm of cadmium on immune responses in the gut was examined in rats.. Cadmium consumption resulted in reduction of bacteria corresponding to Lactobacillus strain, tissue damage and intestinal inflammation [increases in high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1 molecules), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF, IL-1b, IFN-g, IL-17) content].



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    Acupuncture shifted spinal microglia toward the M2 phenotype, modified spinal inflammation milieu, restored the E/I balancing in the spinal motor circuit and activated the spinal PI3K/Akt pathway in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of microglial polarization state: representative images of CD32 (M1 marker, green) and Iba-1 (microglial marker, red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( A ); representative images of CD206 (M2 marker, green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( B ) with all nuclei of cells stained by DAPI (blue); scale bar, 50 μm; the semi-quantitative fluorescent intensity results of CD32 ( C ) and CD206 ( D ). Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (marking the proprioceptive terminals, red) on CTB-labeled motor neurons (MNs, green) ( E ); representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (marking GABAergic synapses, green) ( F ); scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( G ); ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( H ). Representative Western blot bands ( I ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( J ), CD206 ( K ), vGluT1 ( L ), vGAT ( M ), p-PI3K/PI3K ( N ), and p-Akt/Akt ( O ) protein expressions relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( P ) and CD206 ( Q ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( R ), IL-6 ( S ), TGF-β ( T <t>),</t> <t>IL-10</t> ( U ), Glu ( V ), GABA ( W ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01,***P<0.001 versus M+AP group; ### P<0.001 versus M group.
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    Image Search Results


    Acupuncture shifted spinal microglia toward the M2 phenotype, modified spinal inflammation milieu, restored the E/I balancing in the spinal motor circuit and activated the spinal PI3K/Akt pathway in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of microglial polarization state: representative images of CD32 (M1 marker, green) and Iba-1 (microglial marker, red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( A ); representative images of CD206 (M2 marker, green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( B ) with all nuclei of cells stained by DAPI (blue); scale bar, 50 μm; the semi-quantitative fluorescent intensity results of CD32 ( C ) and CD206 ( D ). Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (marking the proprioceptive terminals, red) on CTB-labeled motor neurons (MNs, green) ( E ); representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (marking GABAergic synapses, green) ( F ); scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( G ); ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( H ). Representative Western blot bands ( I ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( J ), CD206 ( K ), vGluT1 ( L ), vGAT ( M ), p-PI3K/PI3K ( N ), and p-Akt/Akt ( O ) protein expressions relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( P ) and CD206 ( Q ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( R ), IL-6 ( S ), TGF-β ( T ), IL-10 ( U ), Glu ( V ), GABA ( W ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01,***P<0.001 versus M+AP group; ### P<0.001 versus M group.

    Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

    Article Title: Acupuncture Activates PI3K/Akt Pathway to Promote Spinal Microglial M2 Polarization and Alleviate Spastic Hemiplegia Following Ischemic Stroke

    doi: 10.2147/JIR.S592917

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Acupuncture shifted spinal microglia toward the M2 phenotype, modified spinal inflammation milieu, restored the E/I balancing in the spinal motor circuit and activated the spinal PI3K/Akt pathway in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of microglial polarization state: representative images of CD32 (M1 marker, green) and Iba-1 (microglial marker, red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( A ); representative images of CD206 (M2 marker, green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( B ) with all nuclei of cells stained by DAPI (blue); scale bar, 50 μm; the semi-quantitative fluorescent intensity results of CD32 ( C ) and CD206 ( D ). Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (marking the proprioceptive terminals, red) on CTB-labeled motor neurons (MNs, green) ( E ); representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (marking GABAergic synapses, green) ( F ); scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( G ); ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( H ). Representative Western blot bands ( I ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( J ), CD206 ( K ), vGluT1 ( L ), vGAT ( M ), p-PI3K/PI3K ( N ), and p-Akt/Akt ( O ) protein expressions relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( P ) and CD206 ( Q ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( R ), IL-6 ( S ), TGF-β ( T ), IL-10 ( U ), Glu ( V ), GABA ( W ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01,***P<0.001 versus M+AP group; ### P<0.001 versus M group.

    Article Snippet: The levels of TNF-α (EK0526, Boster Biological), IL-6 (EK0412, Boster Biological), and TGF-β (EK0514, Boster Biological), IL-10 (EK0418, Boster Biological) were determined to assess neuroinflammation.

    Techniques: Modification, Immunofluorescence, Marker, Staining, Labeling, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Inhibition of M1 polarization of microglia mitigated spinal inflammatory milieu and facilitated the restoration of spinal E/I balance in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of microglial polarization state: representative images of CD32 (green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( A ) representative images of CD206 (green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( B ) with all nuclei of cells stained by DAPI (blue); scale bar, 50 μm; the semi-quantitative fluorescent intensity results of CD32 ( C ) and CD206 ( D ). Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (red) on CTB-labeled MNs (green) ( E ) representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (green) ( F ) scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( G ) ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( H ). Representative Western blot bands ( I ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( J ) CD206 ( K ) vGluT1 ( L ) vGAT ( M ) protein expression relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( N ) and CD206 ( O ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( P ) IL-6 ( Q ) TGF-β ( R ) IL-10 ( S ) Glu ( T ) GABA ( U ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 versus M+MC group; ### P<0.001 versus M group.

    Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

    Article Title: Acupuncture Activates PI3K/Akt Pathway to Promote Spinal Microglial M2 Polarization and Alleviate Spastic Hemiplegia Following Ischemic Stroke

    doi: 10.2147/JIR.S592917

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of M1 polarization of microglia mitigated spinal inflammatory milieu and facilitated the restoration of spinal E/I balance in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of microglial polarization state: representative images of CD32 (green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( A ) representative images of CD206 (green) and Iba-1 (red) co-localization by immunofluorescence ( B ) with all nuclei of cells stained by DAPI (blue); scale bar, 50 μm; the semi-quantitative fluorescent intensity results of CD32 ( C ) and CD206 ( D ). Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (red) on CTB-labeled MNs (green) ( E ) representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (green) ( F ) scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( G ) ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( H ). Representative Western blot bands ( I ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( J ) CD206 ( K ) vGluT1 ( L ) vGAT ( M ) protein expression relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( N ) and CD206 ( O ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( P ) IL-6 ( Q ) TGF-β ( R ) IL-10 ( S ) Glu ( T ) GABA ( U ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 versus M+MC group; ### P<0.001 versus M group.

    Article Snippet: The levels of TNF-α (EK0526, Boster Biological), IL-6 (EK0412, Boster Biological), and TGF-β (EK0514, Boster Biological), IL-10 (EK0418, Boster Biological) were determined to assess neuroinflammation.

    Techniques: Inhibition, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Labeling, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Acupuncture mitigated excitability of spinal motor circuits and inflammatory milieu via PI3K/Akt pathway in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (red) on CTB-labeled MNs (green) ( A ); representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (green) ( B ); scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( C ); ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( D ). Representative Western blot bands ( E ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( F ) CD206 ( G ) vGluT1 ( H ) vGAT ( I ) protein expression relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( J ) and CD206 ( K ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( L ) IL-6 ( M ) TGF-β ( N ) IL-10 ( O ) Glu ( P ) GABA ( Q ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. ***P<0.001 versus M+AP+Veh group; ## P<0.01, ### P<0.001 versus M+Veh group.

    Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

    Article Title: Acupuncture Activates PI3K/Akt Pathway to Promote Spinal Microglial M2 Polarization and Alleviate Spastic Hemiplegia Following Ischemic Stroke

    doi: 10.2147/JIR.S592917

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Acupuncture mitigated excitability of spinal motor circuits and inflammatory milieu via PI3K/Akt pathway in MCAO rats with spastic hemiplegia. Immunofluorescence of synaptic boutons in motor circuit: representative images of vGluT1 immunoreactive boutons (red) on CTB-labeled MNs (green) ( A ); representative images of vGluT1 boutons (red) contacting vGAT immunoreactive boutons (green) ( B ); scale bar, 10 μm, 2 μm; fold change of vGluT1 boutons on MNs ( C ); ratio of vGluT1 boutons opposed by vGAT boutons ( D ). Representative Western blot bands ( E ) and quantitative results for CD32 ( F ) CD206 ( G ) vGluT1 ( H ) vGAT ( I ) protein expression relative to GAPDH protein. The mRNA levels of CD32 ( J ) and CD206 ( K ) were detected by RT-qPCR. The concentrations of TNF-α ( L ) IL-6 ( M ) TGF-β ( N ) IL-10 ( O ) Glu ( P ) GABA ( Q ) were detected by ELISA. N = 6 per group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. ***P<0.001 versus M+AP+Veh group; ## P<0.01, ### P<0.001 versus M+Veh group.

    Article Snippet: The levels of TNF-α (EK0526, Boster Biological), IL-6 (EK0412, Boster Biological), and TGF-β (EK0514, Boster Biological), IL-10 (EK0418, Boster Biological) were determined to assess neuroinflammation.

    Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Labeling, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A–D) PNN neuroprotective role in mitigating EBRO-induced alterations in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α (A) , IL-1β (B) , IL-10 (C) in brain homogenates and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 in blood plasma (D) . To identify significant differences between groups, a one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for statistical analysis (A–D) . The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.01, and the data were displayed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). There were eight wistar rats (n = 8) in each experimental group. β v/s Sham Control, Vehicle Control, and PNN Perse; δ v/s EBRO; δα1 v/s EBRO + PNN50; δα2 v/s EBRO + PNN100, EBRO + PNN50; and δα3 v/s EBRO + VB12 (30), EBRO + PNN100, EBRO + PNN50.

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Enhanced therapeutic potential of paeoniflorin and vitamin B12 in intracerebropeduncle ethidium bromide-induced multiple sclerosis-like pathology

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1792674

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A–D) PNN neuroprotective role in mitigating EBRO-induced alterations in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α (A) , IL-1β (B) , IL-10 (C) in brain homogenates and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 in blood plasma (D) . To identify significant differences between groups, a one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for statistical analysis (A–D) . The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.01, and the data were displayed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). There were eight wistar rats (n = 8) in each experimental group. β v/s Sham Control, Vehicle Control, and PNN Perse; δ v/s EBRO; δα1 v/s EBRO + PNN50; δα2 v/s EBRO + PNN100, EBRO + PNN50; and δα3 v/s EBRO + VB12 (30), EBRO + PNN100, EBRO + PNN50.

    Article Snippet: Also assessed neuroinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha [KB1145; Krishgen Biosystem, Mumbai, India] and IL-1 Beta [KLR0119; Krishgen Biosystem, Mumbai, India] , and IL-10 [GENLISA, Krishgen, Maharashtra, India] ( ; ).

    Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Standard Deviation, Control